Ocorrência de Micotoxinas em Alimentos à Base de Cereais para Bebés e Crianças: revisão - bibliografia
Por: Soraia Sá, Miguel Faria, José Fernandes, Sara Cunha*
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto
*sara.cunha@ff.up.pt
RESUMO
Não obstante os benefícios para a saúde das crianças de uma dieta rica em cereais, estes podem também ser uma fonte de contaminantes naturais tóxicos, dos quais as micotoxinas são o maior exemplo. Os cereais são propensos à contaminação por fungos em diferentes fases, desde o cultivo até ao armazenamento e processamento, o que pode trazer riscos para a saúde humana. As micotoxinas representam uma preocupação acrescida devido aos efeitos adversos na saúde das crianças, particularmente vulneráveis dado o subdesenvolvimento dos seus sistemas fisiológicos. Pese embora a existência de diversa legislação relativa à presença das micotoxinas mais conhecidas, normalmente referidas como micotoxinas reguladas, nos últimos anos têm vindo a ser causa de preocupação crescente outras micotoxinas de descoberta mais recente, normalmente referidas como micotoxinas emergentes, devido à frequência e aos elevados níveis com que têm sido detetadas em diferentes alimentos, especialmente cereais e produtos à base de cereais. A Autoridade Europeia para a Segurança Alimentar (EFSA) tem alertado para a escassez de informação sobre a ocorrência e o impacto toxicológico destas micotoxinas, pelo que são de grande interesse todos os estudos que conduzam a uma avaliação fiável da exposição dietética, especialmente numa população vulnerável como os bebés e crianças.
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